You Need to Know the Difference Between Sales and Use Tax or You'll Pay for Your Ignorance

This article contains information that is designed toand when after the transfer the real and ultimate
help a prospective aircraft or vessel buyer toownership remains substantially similar.
understand the maze known as California Sales andPayment of Tax by Purchaser:
Use Tax Laws and Regulations. This first section willPurchases of MTE from any person other than a
contain some definitions. It is intended to clear upperson required to hold a sellers permit by reason of
questions, such as, "Who owes the tax?" and "Whatthe number, scope, and character of the persons
is use tax?"sales of such MTE, as the case may be and not
The summary will explain why these definitions areotherwise specifically exempt shall report and pay tax
important to you and give examples why. It is feltto the board.
that with the basic understanding of these terms youA purchaser who holds a sellers permit, or to whom
can determine prior to the transaction who willa consumers use tax number has been assigned,
ultimately be responsible for the tax. The informationmust include the tax in the purchasers return for the
contained herein will apply whether you are buying aperiod in which the MTE was purchased.
$20,000.00 ski boat or a $2,000,000.00 aircraft. TheseA purchaser who does not hold a sellers permit, or to
are issues that we deal with and advise people on allwhom a consumers use tax number has not been
the time, at Aero & Marine Tax Professionals (assigned, shall make a return and pay use tax,
Definitionsmeasured by the sales price of the vessel or aircraft,
Sale:on or before the last day of the calendar month
Any transfer of title or possession, exchange, ornext succeeding the month in which a return form is
barter, conditional or otherwise, in any manner or bymailed to the purchaser, or the last day of the
any means whatsoever, of tangible personal propertytwelfth month following the month during which the
for a consideration.vessel or aircraft was purchased, whichever period
Retail Sale:expires earlier.
A "retail sale" or "sale at retail" means a sale for anyVessel or Aircraft Purchased Through Brokers:
purpose other than resale in the regular course ofNotwithstanding any other provision, when a person
business in the form of tangible personal property.purchases a vessel or aircraft from another person
Gross receipts:through a broker, the purchaser is relieved from the
Gross receipts mean the total amount of the sale orliability for use tax on the transaction only to the
lease or rental price...extent that he or she:
Sales Tax:1. Has paid an amount as sales or use tax to the
Sales Tax is imposed on retailers for the privilege ofbroker, and
selling tangible personal property at retail. The tax is2. Has obtained and retained a receipt from the
measured by the gross receipts from retail sales. Thebroker showing the payment of such tax.
obligation to pay sales tax is on the seller.The purchaser is relieved from liability only to the
Use Tax:extent of the amount paid, and for which a receipt
Use tax is imposed upon the storage, use or otheras provided, but remains liable for any amount of tax
consumption in this state of tangible personallater determined to be due. An amount designated as
property purchased from a retailer. The use taxsales or use tax collected by the broker from the
rather than the sales tax applies to purchasespurchaser constitutes a debt owed by the broker to
shipped from an out-of-state point to a Californiathe state and the broker shall be liable for that
consumer. The obligation to pay use tax is on theamount as if he or she were engaged in business in
purchaser.this state required to collect that amount as use tax
Mobile Transportation Equipment (MTE):from the purchaser.
Mobile transportation equipment includes equipmentThe following is a list of reasons why California
such as railroad cars and locomotives, buses, trucksresidents need to know the difference between
(except "one-way truck rental trucks"), trucksales tax and use tax:
tractors, truck trailers, dollies, bogies, chassis, reusable1. If you purchase MTE from a California dealer while
cargo shipping containers, aircraft and ships, andthe MTE is located inside California he or she owes
tangible personal property which is or becomes athe sales tax, however, the dealer can reimburse
component part of such equipment. It does notitself it from you.
include passenger vehicles.2. If you purchase MTE for use inside California from
Vessel:an out-of-state dealer, you are liable for use tax and
Vessel means any boat, ship, barge, craft, or floatingmust file the tax return and pay the tax. Unless the
thing designed for navigation in the water except:out of state dealer has nexus with the State of
(There is a list of exceptions to the above sentence.)California.
Aircraft:3. If you purchase MTE for use inside California from
Aircraft means any contrivance designed fora individual, whether he or she is located inside
powered navigation in the air, except a rocket or aCalifornia or not, you are liable for use tax and must
missile. "Aircraft" includes an airframe or a fuselagefile the tax return and pay the tax. Many people will
even without an engine.tell you to wait until the Board sends you a bill. THIS
Retailer of Vehicle, Vessel or Aircraft:IS WRONG. The state does not have to notify you
Every person making any retail sale of a Vehicle,in a timely manner. It is your obligation to file the tax
Vessel or Aircraft as defined above is a retailer.return that is due in a timely manner.
Seller:4. If you want to be able to qualify for most of the
When the retailer is not otherwise required to hold aavailable exemptions you must always take
sellers permit, he or she is exempted from thepossession while the property is located outside
computation of the sales tax on the gross receiptsCalifornia and you must meet the requirements of a
from the sale.legal definition of "first functional use" before the
Application of Taxaircraft enters California the first time. First functional
Sales tax does not apply to:use depends on the type of aircraft as well as your
Sales of vessels and aircraft by a person not requiredintended us.
to hold a sellers permit by reason of the number,Therefore, always request as part of an offer to
scope, and character of the persons sales of suchpurchase that the seller deliver your aircraft or vessel
vessels or aircraft.to you outside the State of California. The rules
Vessels and aircraft when included in any transfer ofabout where to take delivery are as varied as each
all or substantially all of the property held or used instates laws apply to your specific type of purchase.
the course of business activities of the transferorALWAYS SEEK PROFESSIONAL GUIDANCE.