The Freight Transport Infrastructure in Germany

Germany has a transport infrastructure that is thenational railroad carrier, Deutsche Bahn AG. Deutsche
envy of the world and this has helped enable theBahn AG was privatised in 1994 although it still
development of a highly effective freight servicesreceived subsidies from the government, reflecting
industry. The phrase 'Germanic' is often used as athe government's prioritisation of the country's
byword for efficiency and with good reason, if thetransport infrastructure.
freight services industry in Germany is seen as aLufthansa, the flagship air carrier in Germany is one
measure.of the leading airlines in the world. Since the
The efficiency of the transport network throughoutliberalisation of air transport in the European Union in
the country is all the more remarkable when you1997, Lufthansa has fought hard to retain its
consider that it is less than twenty years since thedominant position in Germany's internal routes, in the
Berlin Wall came down and East Germany started itsface of burgeoning competition from low cost
process of integration within Germany.carriers and others.
Since the reunification of Germany in 1990, there hasThere are no less than 320 airports in Germany,
been a programme of extensive developmentincluding 14 with runways over 3 km. There are over
throughout Eastern Germany to bring the freighthalf a million departures from airports in Germany
transport infrastructure up to the same standard asevery year. The busiest airport in terms of passenger
the more developed west Germany.services and freight forwarding is the Rhein-Main
This programme has been highly successful and theairport at Frankfurt am Main. Cologne-Bonn is the
freight transport infrastructure in Germany is nowsecond biggest in terms of freight transport. The
amongst the best in the world, with every mode ofother most important airports for international freight
transport fully maximised. The speed of developmentare Berlin-Tegel, Dusseldorf and Hamburg. The federal
following reunification has presented a challenge forgovernment and cities such as Berlin and Cologne are
freight forwarders as they have kept up to datepreparing to sell their shares in major airports.
with the evolving transport infrastructure, that hasWith such an extensive airport network, freight
increased the options to be considered by theforwarding by air is extremely efficient in Germany
shipping company or freight company.and the freight services provider will fully consider all
There is a very efficient network of waterways,the available options when designing the best freight
railways and motorways that make internalforwarding solution for a client.
connections fast and straightforward and alsoMarine transport is also very developed, with major
connect Germany with other countries throughoutports in the Baltic Sea including Kiel, Rostock and
the world. This has been a spur to economic activity,Luebeck, and also on the North Sea, including
as access to markets is fully facilitated.Hamburg, Bremen, Emden and Bremerhaven.
The road network is particularly impressive inThere are also many major river ports. The most
Germany, with the Autobahn world famous for itsnotable are at Bonn, Cologne, Duisberg, Mannheim
outstanding efficiency and speed. There are overand Karlsruhe on the Rhein; Magdeburg and Dresden
650,000 kilometres of paved roads in Germany,on the Elbe and Kiel on the Kiel Canal. The Kiel canal is
which includes over 11,000 miles of expressways.an important strategic transport link, connecting the
There are no speed limits on some roads, meaningNorth Sea and the Baltic Sea.
that freight forwarding by road can be a particularlyThe most important port for Germany is actually not
effective option. The roads also tend to be free ofin Germany at all -  it is Rotterdam in the
traffic jams, as the German public are very keen onNetherlands. Meanwhile, Hamburg is the largest port
public transport and also make above average use ofwithin Germany, accounting for about a third of all
travel by bicycle, thus helping reduce overall trafficthe international freight.
congestion. This has a positive impact on the freightThe amount of freight shipped through German ports
services industry, meaning that journey times andis very high, at over 200 million tonnes a year.
costs can be accurately predicted and that risk isThe integrated and comprehensive transport
minimised.infrastructure is a model of efficiency, meaning that
As well as the excellent roads, there is also anshipping companies can provide streamlined and
impressive rail system in Germany. There are overcost-effective freight services for their clients.
40,000 kilometres of railroads, which are run by the