Sweden - An Survey of International Shipping and the Swedish Economy

Sweden is very much oriented towards overseastarget of 2%. According to the Economic Survey of
trade. It has an up to date freight forwarding andSweden 2007 by the OECD, the average inflation in
freight shipping infrastructure and excellent nationalSweden has been one of the lowest among
and external communications. Particularly wellEuropean countries since the mid-1990s. Most
endowed with natural resources, Sweden's iron ore,international trade takes place with Germany, the
timber and hydropower are mainstays of theUnited States of America, Norway, the UK, Denmark,
Swedish economy, which is highly geared towardsand Finland.
export. Sweden's engineering sector alone accountsFreight transport links and the availability of freight
for 50% of all earnings and exports.services is particularly well developed and the
Telecommunications, the automotive industry andmarkets are competitive for international freight
pharmaceuticals are also extremely important to thebetween these countries, ensuring that customers
national economy and account for a significantare well catered for. Any shipping company or freight
amount of all goods being transported by freightforwarder servicing these routes needs to ensure
companies out of Sweden. The largest companies inthat their freight services are completely streamlined
Sweden include Volvo, Ericsson, Vattenfall, Skanska,and competitive. As well as external communications
Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB, Svenskaand international freight transport routes, internal
Cellulosa Aktiebolaget, Electrolux and Volvocommunications are also efficient.The impressive
Personvagnar. Many of these enterprises have brandOresund Bridge connects Malmoe in Sweden and
names that are famous worldwide. Sweden's industrialCopenhagen in Denmark. Sweden has nearly 163,000
companies are mostly privately owned.km of paved road and nearly 1500 km of
The private sector is strong and growing, supportedexpressways. There are extensive motorway
by a highly educated and productive workforce. Thearteries running throughout Sweden, Denmark and
private sector includes many freight shipping andover the Oresund Bridge to Stockholm, Gothenburg,
freight companies which have thrived on the back ofUppsala and Uddevalla. The network of motorways is
the successful and growing economy. The countrystill being developed, with a new motorway from
saw real GDP growth over the last decade until 2009,Uppsala to Gaevle having been finished in October
when the unfavourable global economy helped force2007.
the country into recession. GDP per hour worked isThe rail transport market is privatized, but while there
the world's 9th highest at 31 US dollars in 2006,are many privately owned enterprises, many
compared to only 22 US dollars in Spain, for example.operators are still owned by state or municipalities.
OECD say deregulation, globalization, and growth inThe most significant rail operators include SJ, Veolia
the technology industry have been key drivers ofTransport, Connex Group, Green Cargo,
productivity in Sweden. GDP per hour worked isTaagkompaniet, Inlandsbanan, and a number of
growing by approximately 2½ per cent a year forregional companies. Most of the railways are owned
the economy as a whole. This extremely positiveand operated by Banverket. Freight transport by rail
situation has created the conditions on which theworks efficiently and is a competitive option that is
international freight industry has been confident torecommended by many a freight company and
invest in the future.shipping company. Communication links by air are also
The World Economic Forum 2009-2010very good in Sweden, meaning that freight
Competitiveness Index ranks Sweden the 4th mostforwarding is simply never a problem. The largest
competitive economy in the world. Similarly, Swedenairports include Stockholm-Arlanda Airport, which
is ranked 9th in the IMD Competitiveness Yearbookcarried a staggering 18 million passengers in 2007, 40
2008, scoring high in private sector efficiency. Thiskm north of Stockholm, Gothenburg-Landvetter
culture of success has spawned innovation andAirport and Stockholm-Skavsta Airport. Sweden is
development in freight shipping and freight servicesalso home to the two largest port companies in
as well as other sectors. The Swedes have rejectedScandinavia, Port of Goeteborg AB (Gothenburg) and
the euro in a referendum so Sweden has kept itsthe transnational company Copenhagen Malmoe Port
own currency, the Swedish krona (SEK). TheAB. In summary then, Sweden has a modern,
Swedish Riksbank which was established in 1668 andcompetititive economy with high productivity and a
is therefore the oldest central bank in the world, isgreat transport infrastructure, making the country an
currently focusing on price stability with its inflationattractive market for potential importers.